Monday, September 3, 2007

Hellbender Survey

Saturday, Aug 25th, was Cornell Herpetological Society's annual Hellbender survey in the Southern Tier. We use this trip as an introduction for freshmen to the society. We joined veteran herp researcher, Dr. Richard Bothner, (professor emeritus from St. Bonaventure, author of the new NYS Herp Guide, and and an expert on Thamnophis brachystoma, the rare garter snake whose world range is from the Allegany region to Pittsburgh), and NYS DEC biologist Ken Roblee. They have been monitoring the Hellbender populations in NY for years. The situation isn't good. The species may soon be elevated from its Special Concern status to Threatened or even Endangered in NY State. You wouldn't suspect it, the way Dr. Bothner and Mr. Roblee take us to one of their study sites and we quickly turn up beastly salamanders. However, these sites are some of the last remaining in the state where they occur in any numbers, so we took care to tread carefully. Last year, we had good success. We caught three individuals, including a big 20+ incher. Check out photos and commentary from last year here.

Our first catch this year at Location A was a mid-sized Mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus).



Not long thereafter, a massive Hellbender was discovered. I looked across the creek to see what the shouting was about, and saw a big, squirming Hellbender go flopping person-to-person as they scrambled to get a grip on it, then diving back into the creek and disappearing. Given that it was the one-that-got-away, I'd estimate it was at least 5 feet.... not really, but I think it was a least a 20-incher.

Flipping away!

A few more rock flips later, and someone netted a Hellbender successfully. This guy/gal was small - measured out to 10 inches. Everyone, including our guides, were quite pleased to see a young individual. Finding young Hellbenders has become a rare occurance at many locales. They thought this one was only four or so years old.



We found little otherwise at Location A, so we proceeded to Location B, where the water was flowing faster and clearer, and there were more rocks to flip. After about twenty or so minutes of coordinated groups working there way up the stream, we uncovered two big 'benders in quick succession. We kept them waiting in nets dipped in the running water to keep them oxygenated, while we took them through the data collection process with Ken Roblee.


'Bender Transfer. We placed it into a big tote with some water, inside a long tray to measure length in. Ken is talking about directly measuring the O2 levels of the Hellbender as they work on them, so they can monitor their oxygenation and stress levels.



'Bender Length. Both total length and standard (snout-vent) length are taken, because some 'benders lose tail tips (or more!). They are flipped over to check gender. The two we caught measured just over 18" and 20".



Data on all distinguishing features are taken - toe counts, scarring, etc. The big males can be really beaten up, as they fight with each other over nesting territory. See my linked post from last year to see a male with a big, fresh bite taken out of his neck. These guys have cool toes.

All toes present and accounted for.
Toes not quite all there.
Rex faithfully entering Data, while Dr. Adler and Ian chat.
Mass is also measured:




Finally, the 'benders are checked for PIT (Passive Integrated Transponder) tags. These subcutaneous electronic tags do not harm the 'bender, and allow Ken to swipe them with a reader and get an individual identification number. Ken has been tagging individuals at these sites for several years, but individuals always escape his efforts, and one of these adults was untagged. I filmed the tagging process (really quite simple). All you do is insert a big nasty looking needle into a skin fold, and leave the tag in place just under the skin.

The PIT tags
Tagging:



Reading:



After these measurements are taken, the 'benders are returned next to their home rock.

Of course, photography was rampant throughout the process, so here are a few closeup of these beautifully ugly, endearing monsters of the creek:






After these two big 'benders were measured and released, we decided to call it a day. We posed for a group shot on the way out (Second from left: Ken Roblee; Right: Dr. Bothner; Right, kneeling: Dr. Adler):


Despite the potential of looming thunderstorms all day, we luckily escaped without a drop of rain. Thunderstorms chased us all the way home as we drove eastward back to Ithaca. As I drove the van up East Hill towards Cornell campus, a big storm loomed up behind us, and I could see the flashes from the lightening bouncing off the buildings ahead. We pulled to a stop in front of Corson-Mudd Hall to drop off our gear. I stepped out and turned around, and saw a massive storm about to bury us. In less than a minute, it was raining so hard that I was soaked to the skin in approximately ten seconds, along with everyone else who had just piled out of the van. We decided to carry on with gear removal since we were already soaked, despite some of us violently shivering from the sudden cold. We struggled to carry 15 pairs of waders at a run through rain driving so hard it stung. Lightning was crashing down right on campus, lighting up the sky electric purple. It was probably one of the top five most violent storms I've ever experienced. Needless to say, we survived, thoroughly soaked:


My friend Cristina Munk, who also witnessed this freak, fast (~30 minutes and the sun was out again), said she saw ball lightning in the sky, also observed by others I talked to. Cristina didn't capture any cool lightning photos, but she did get this dramatic photo of the Cornell Clocktower and the colorful sunset that followed. I'll close this exciting trip with these photos:

Sunday, September 2, 2007

Long Island Herps and Birds

For the week of August 12th, Shawn and I kicked back and relaxed at his Long Island home. We had planned on heading to the Jersey Pine Barrens for herping with friends, but those plans got cancelled due to unforeseen circumstances. (See this fieldherpforum thread, where they found just about everything we wanted to see). Shawn's Monk Parakeet, Roger, was delighted to have us as company for longer:




Our first birding venture was out to Brooklyn. We stopped to see the Western [Little] Reef-Heron [-Egret], Egretta [garzetta] gularis, which is still sporatically occuring in Brooklyn, Staten Island, and nearby Jersey. We didn't find it, so we headed over to Jamaica Bay to look for shorebird migrants and terns. Pickings were slim in terms of the rare terns and shorebirds, but there were plenty of the more common Forster's Terns (and a few Least), as well as Semipalmated Plover and some peeps.

A trip out East with Shawn's friends Drew and Trudy, to Dune Road, Ponquogue, and nearby locations, yielded much of the same.


Of course I had to stop and play with the Green and Spider Crabs in the retreating tide.


After this bit of birding, we carried on with the part of our failed herping plans that involved Long Island. We headed out to visit Brookhaven National Lab, which Shawn has contacts with. We were able to get visitor's passes and a tour of some of the good Pine Barrens habitat, which is known to contain NYS rarities like Tiger Sallies and Hognose Snakes. On the way there, we stopped at a pond and had fun ID'ing various variable Red-eared Sliders (Trachemys scripta):


We also found several Eastern Painted Turtles (Chrysemys picta picta), a different subspecies than back at home (Midland Painted Turtle, C. p. marginata). In Midland, the central scutes along the carapace are alternating with the two outer rows, whereas in Eastern the scutes line up across the carapace.


This big one swam over to a log where a very small Painted and Slider were basking innocently...


and rose out of the water to reveal A GLOWING NUCLEAR ORANGE MONSTROSITY!!


Well, I'm exaggerating a little, but it was extremely brightly colored...

We also turned up this Silver-spotted Skipper (Epargyreus clarus):


At Brookhaven, we ended up having very little time to herp, but we turned up great species, three lifers in quick succession:

Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri)


Ribbon Snake (Thamnophis sauritus)


Marbled Salamander (Ambystoma opacum)


After this herping adventure, we rested at Shawn's uncle's house in the Barrens, among a bounty of orchids, houseplants, chickens, and his neighbor's guineafowl:


Of particular notice among the plants, was this Passionflower (Passiflora) vine in bloom:


After this week of rest and relaxed herping and birding, Shawn and I headed back to Ithaca to face the new school year.

Saturday, September 1, 2007

Trip Report Part 10: The End

Well, I finally reach the end of my western journey. Shawn, Ben, Scott, and I flew out of Denver on Sunday the 12th, parting ways. Shawn and I would continue birding and herping Long Island for another week before school, but thats another trip report (coming soon). Here I present the total trip list for Shawn and I, from Aug 4-12, followed by overall commentary.

My lifers are in caps. Shawn's lifers are in bold. X's indicate no counts.

Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) - 75
Gadwall (Anas strepera) - 3
Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) - x
CINNAMON TEAL (Anas cyanoptera) - 17
Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) - 3
Canvasback (Aythya valisineria) - 3
GREATER SAGE-GROUSE (Centrocercus urophasianus) - 25
Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps) - 2
Eared Grebe (Podiceps nigricollis) - 10
American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) - 11
Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) - 6
Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias) - 7
White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi) - 19
Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura) - 21
MISSISSIPPI KITE (Ictinia mississippiensis) - 9
Northern Harrier (Circus cyaneus) - 3
Swainson’s Hawk (Buteo swainsoni) - 42
Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) - 17
FERRUGINOUS HAWK (Buteo regalis) - 9
Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) - 3
American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) - 9
PRAIRIE FALCON (Falco mexicanus) - 2
American Coot (Fulica americana) - 20
Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) - 12
AMERICAN AVOCET (Recurvirostra americana) - 1
Lesser Yellowlegs (Tringa flavipes) - 2
Greater Yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca) - 2
Willet (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus) - 5
Wilson’s Phalarope (Phalaropus tricolor) - 3
Ring-billed Gull (Larus delawarensis) - 3
Forster’s Tern (Sterna forsteri) - 7
Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) - x
Eurasian Collared-Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) - 12
Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) – x
BARN OWL (Tyto alba) - 2
Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) - 1
BURROWING OWL (Athene cunicularia) - 21
Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor) - 18
Chimney Swift (Chaetura pelagica) - 3
WHITE-THROATED SWIFT (Aeronautes saxatalis) - 3
BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD (Archilochus alexandri) - 1
CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD (Stellula calliope) - 1
BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD (Selasphorus platycercus) - x
RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD (Selasphorus rufus) - 6
Belted Kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon) - 1
RED-NAPED SAPSUCKER (Sphyrapicus nuchalis) - 2
Ladder-backed Woodpecker (Picoides scalaris) - 1
Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus) - 4
WESTERN WOOD-PEWEE (Contopus sordidulus) - 2
Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) - 1
GRAY FLYCATCHER (Empidonax wrightii) - 6
SAY’S PHOEBE (Sayornis saya) - 9
CASSIN’S KINGBIRD (Tyrannus vociferans) - 6
WESTERN KINGBIRD (Tyrannus verticalis) - x
Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus) - 4
LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE (Lanius ludovicianus) - 1
PLUMBEOUS VIREO (Vireo plumbeus) - 1
Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus) - 4
Gray Jay (Perisoreus canadensis) - 8
STELLER’S JAY (Cyanocitta stelleri) - 16
Western Scrub-Jay (Aphelocoma californica) - 15
PINYON JAY (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) - 1
CLARK’S NUTCRACKER (Nucifraga columbiana) - 12
BLACK-BILLED MAGPIE (Pica hudsonia) - 33
American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) - 10
CHIHUAHUAN RAVEN (Corvus cryptoleucus) - 14
Common Raven (Corvus corax) - x
Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris) - x
VIOLET-GREEN SWALLOW (Tachycineta thalassina) – x
Northern Rough-winged Swallow (Stelgidopteryx serripennis) - 1
Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia) - x
Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) - x
Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica) - x
Black-capped Chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) - 2
MOUNTAIN CHICKADEE (Poecile gambeli) - 30
JUNIPER TITMOUSE (Baeolophus ridgwayi) - 7
Red-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta canadensis) - 4
White-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta carolinensis) - 3
ROCK WREN (Salpinctes obsoletus) - 3
CANYON WREN (Catherpes mexicanus) - 9
BEWICK’S WREN (Thryomanes bewickii) - 4
House Wren (Troglodytes aedon) - 2
AMERICAN DIPPER (Cinclus mexicanus) - 3
Golden-crowned Kinglet (Regulus satrapa) - 3
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea) - x
MOUNTAIN BLUEBIRD (Sialia currucoides) - 26
American Robin (Turdus migratorius) - x
Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos) - 4
SAGE THRASHER (Oreoscoptes montanus) - 17
Brown Thrasher (Toxostoma rufum) - 1
European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) - x
American Pipit (Anthus rubescens) – x
Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) - x
VIRGINIA’S WARBLER (Vermivora virginiae) - 4
Yellow-rumped Warbler (Dendroica coronata) - 12
BLACK-THROATED GRAY WARBLER (Dendroica nigrescens) - 1
Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) - 1
MACGILLIVRAY’S WARBLER (Oporornis tolmiei) - 1
Western Tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) - 16
SPOTTED TOWHEE (Pipilo maculates) - 14
CANYON TOWHEE (Pipilo fuscus) - 4
Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina) - x
BREWER’S SPARROW (Spizella breweri) - 26
Vesper Sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus) - 14
Lark Sparrow (Chondestes grammacus) - x
LARK BUNTING (Calamospiza melanocorys) - x
BAIRD’S SPARROW (Ammodramus bairdii) - 1
Lincoln’s Sparrow (Melospiza lincolnii) - 3
White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys) - 4
Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis) - x
MCCOWN’S LONGSPUR (Calcarius mccownii) - 9
CHESTNUT-COLLARED LONGSPUR (Calcarius ornatus) - 16
BLACK-HEADED GROSBEAK (Pheucticus melanocephalus) - 7
BLUE GROSBEAK (Passerina caerulea) - 6
LAZULI BUNTING (Passerina amoena) - 2
Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) - 1
WESTERN MEADOWLARK (Sturnella neglecta) - 25
YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) - 5
BREWER’S BLACKBIRD (Euphagus cyanocephalus) - 33
Common Grackle (Quiscalus quiscula) - x
Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) - 3
Bullock’s Oriole (Icterus bullockii) - 7
BROWN-CAPPED ROSY-FINCH (Leucosticte australis) - 1
PINE GROSBEAK (Pinicola enucleator) - 3
CASSIN’S FINCH (Carpodacus cassinii) - 6
House Finch (Carpodacus mexicanus) - 20
Pine Siskin (Carduelis pinus) - x
LESSER GOLDFINCH (Carduelis psaltria) - 10
American Goldfinch (Carduelis tristis) - 7
House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) - x

Total Species = 130
Total lifers = 55!

Needless to say, I am going to be very hard-pressed to find another trip of this magnitude of lifers in North America. It's going to have to be Arizona, California, or Alaska. I am, of course, still THRILLED and a little overwhelmed with how much I saw in so little time. Overall though, I got good looks at almost everything I wanted to, and didn't miss too many birds.

Grouse: What can I say? I was pleased to see one Sage-Grouse, thrilled to see almost 30, and well, too! We missed White-tailed Ptarmigan after two tries (Mt. Evans and RMNP), but that just means we'll have to go back.

Hawks: Very pleased to get several lifers. The Mississippi Kites were easy, we saw multiple pairs low overhead in La Junta. Ferruginous had me worried, because my first look was terrible and distant. However, persistance resulted in a bunch more, with plenty of good looks. We even encountered a dark morph bird, and I got to see the dark morph fight with two lights on the ground. Prairie Falcon was my 50th lifer of the trip, and I was lucky enough to see two.

Shorebirds: Did poorly here, but we were almost never in appropriate habitat for most shorebirds. We missed a chance to get to some reservoirs and hopefully see some Snowy Plovers and more. We did get my life Avocet in a small pond near Laramie, but not much else. We also missed Long-billed Curlew, and we missed one of the top trip targets: Mountain Plover.

Owls: My first two lifers on the trip were owls. We had no more new owls after that (except for the Great-horned on campus), but we simply were too tired at the end of each day to get out into the field and hoot.

Hummingbirds: Four lifers, which is pretty much everything I could get in Colorado! The only one I saw very well was Broad-tailed, saw many females and got to see one male with a flashing gorget - a very pretty magenta color. I saw the others less well, but only because of short looks, rather than distance or other factors.

Woodpeckers: Did relatively poorly here. We got two targets: Red-naped and Ladder-backed, but missed Lewis', Williamson's, Three-toed, etc, despite targeted efforts.

Flycatchers: Did well! I was very pleased. Thankfully, the only Empidonax we saw were easily identifiable, including the excellent Gray Flycatcher.

Vireos: I accomplished my goal - I got brief but diagnostic looks at a Plumbeous Vireo. Combined with the Cassin's I saw last year in Mexico, I now have seen every member of the former Solitary Vireo complex.

Corvids: We were one species away from a Corvid Sweep! We missed Blue Jay, of all things, but saw EVERY OTHER species in Colorado and Wyoming.

Wrens, Parids, Nuthatches, Dippers: Did pretty well here. Only regret is that I missed Pygmy Nuthatch. But seeing Dippers at close range makes up for that. What awesome birds.

Sparrows: Did very well. The Baird's was an unexpected hit. We missed a few species in southern Colorado, but otherwise saw nearly everything we could. We got great looks at McCown's Longspur (not-so great on the Chestnut-collared). This means I've seen all four longspurs this year - I chased a vagrant Smith's on Long Island this past winter.

Finches: All I need to say, is ROSY-FINCH!!!


Well, that about wraps it all up. I'm already planning next year's trip. The 2008 AOU meeting is in Portland, Oregon. Oh, the Pacific Coast possibilities!